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Mesoscale Terms
Instruments
Models
Units
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M

M_meter - Name applied to a class of instruments that measure the liquid water content of the atmosphere.

Magneto anemometer- A cup anemometer with its shaft mechanically coupled to a magneto.

Magnetograph - A recording magnetometer.

Magnetometer- General name for an instrument that measures the earth's magnetic field intensity.

Magnetron- A self-excited oscillator used as a radar transmitter tube.

Manometer- An instrument for measuring differences of pressure.

Marine barometer- A mercury barometer designed for use aboard ship.

Marine radar- Radar of the type used on ships, can be employed to image ocean waves, to determine their directional spectrum, and also to determine ocean currents by their propagation speed.

Marvin sunshine recorder - A sunshine recorder of the type in which the timescale is supplied by a chronograph.

Maximum thermometer- A thermometer so designed that it registers the maximum temperature attained during an interval of time.

Mercury barometer- A glass manometer, employing mercury in its vertical column, that is used to measure atmospheric pressure.

Mercury in glass thermometer- A common type of liquid-in-glass thermometer used, in meteorology, in psychrometers and as a maximum thermometer.

Mercury in steel thermometer- A liquid-in-metal thermometer in which mercury is enclosed in a steel envelope.

Mercury thermometer- A liquid-in-glass thermometer or liquid-in-metal thermometer using mercury as the liquid.

Mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere radar- A type of wind profiler designed to measure winds and other atmospheric parameters up to altitudes of 100 km or more.

Metallic barometer- All-metal barometer; synonym for aneroid barometer.

Microbarovariograph- Sensitive barometer used to record continuously on an enlarged scale the short period variations of pressure.

Micropluviometer- A rain gauge capable of measuring very small amounts of precipitation, amounts that are less than could be measured by an ordinary rain gauge.

Microwave radar- A type of radar that employs microwave scatterometers deployed aboard aircraft and satellites that can compute wind speed using algorithms relating the wind speed to the backscattering cross section.

Microwave refractometer- An instrument that measures the refractive index of air by determining changes in humidity.

Minimum thermometer- A thermometer that automatically registers the lowest temperature attained during an interval of time.

Mirror nephoscope - A nephoscope in which the motion of the cloud is observed by its reflection in a mirror.

Model - A tool for simulating or predicting the behavior of a dynamical system like the atmosphere.

Modulator- A device for effecting the process of modulation.

Monostatic radar - The most common radar system configuration, with the radar receiver at the same location as the radar transmitter.

Mountain barometer - Any conventional barometer fitted with an extended scale so that atmospheric pressure measurements may be made at both high and low altitudes.

Movable scale barometer- A mercury barometer of the fixed cistern type in which a movable scale terminating in an ivory point is used to compensate for the variations in height of the mercury in the cistern.

Multiparameter radar- A radar capable of deriving more than one quantity from observations of a target.

Multiplexer- A device to collect a variety of data and then interleave the data into a single record or onto a telecommunications link.