Scale analysis-
An analysis method usually using the nondimensional equations to determine which terms are dominant for a particular phenomenon or situation so that the smaller terms can be neglected, resulting in a simplified set of equations.
Sea surface temperature-
Depth is generally 1 meter below the surface, but a satellite measures only about 1 mm below the surface and some ships measure about 5 cm below the surface.
Soiltype-
ARPS model variable: index number of soil type.
Solar angle-
The angle between the direction to the sun and the zenith (straight up). So when the sun is overhead, the solar angle is 0.
Solar constant-
Solar Constant: The rate at which solar radiation is received outside the earth’s atmosphere on a surface normal to the incident radiation and at the earth’s mean distance from the sun. Measurements of solar radiation at the earth’s surface by the Smithsonian Institution for several decades give a best value for the solar constant of 1.934 calories per square centimeter per minute. Measurements from rockets of the intensity of the ultiviolet end of the spectrum have corrected this value to 2.00 calories per square centimeter per minute with a probably error of +/- 2 percent.
Speed of light-
The speed of light in a vacuum is defined to be 299,792,458 meters per second (1,079,252,848.8 km/h, which is approximately 186,282.4 miles per second). The speed of light is denoted by the letter c, reputedly from the Latin celeritas, “speed”, and also known as Einstein’s constant. Note that this speed is a definition, not a measurement; in fact, the fundamental SI unit of distance, the metre, is defined in terms of the speed of light.
Steady state-
A fluid motion in which the velocities at every point of the field are independent of time.
Subgrid scale turbulent mixing-
A computational term designed to represent the physical effects of turbulent motions on scales smaller than the grid spacing. It acts to reduce the small scale variability of dynamic and scalar fields.
